![]() (Image by Gyorgy Csoka, Hungary Forest Research Institute)Ī number of factors are responsible for development of resistance in insect populations in the agricultural system. Work is being done in collaboration with the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario (BIO), Canada.ĬodonCode Aligner is useful for assembly and sequence alignments, sequence editing, end clipping, translations and so many other features required for sequence analysis.Ĭaterpillar of the Cotton Bollworm ( Helicoverpa armigera). We are targeting both the nuclear (18S, 28S, EF-1a and ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial (COI and COII) genes for sequencing. Insects of economic importance (both pests and beneficial) are being collected from different geographical localities of Pakistan. ![]() On one hand the project will contribute internationally and on the other hand it will benefit the country itself by DNA barcoding the local insect species. National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) is contributing in the international effort directly by barcoding local insect species from Pakistan. The project is part of a broader approach taken through the International Barcode of Life (iBOL) project to barcode millions of species from across the world. DNA barcoding is an idea and approach which is based upon the utilization of nucleotide sequence differences among individuals to identify them to species or race level. Identification of insect species through DNA sequencing and developing a sequence database and reference library can be very productive for the agricultural scientists in general and taxonomists and entomologists in particular. Some insect species have been fully explored and identified while the identification of some species is ambiguous. Insects are the major player in incurring economic losses to crops and fruit trees in Pakistan. Some new species have been discovered based on the differences in the genome sequences. Developments in the science of molecular biology have provided a new direction and insight in the identification of organisms and to separate them from their closest relatives, which was otherwise very difficult. There are millions of insect species, some are very conspicuous and larger in size and some are concealed and very minute. Insects are not an exception to this difficulty. Gene silencing and functional genome studies of cotton mealybug by RNA interference: implications in insect control.Ĭorrect identification of living organisms has always been a challenge.Molecular basis of insecticidal resistance and estimation of insecticide resistance allele frequency in cotton bollworm populations in Pakistan.Molecular diagnostics of subterranean termites of Pakistan.Sequencing DNA barcodes of economically important insect species of Pakistan.Ashfaq and his research associates are now using CodonCode Aligner for four different projects, all of which involve gene isolation, sequencing and sequence analysis: We often recommend this software to our colleagues and visiting scientists."ĭr. In my opinion, this is one of the best solutions for assembly of DNA barcodes. One of the key elements is the CodonCode software. from the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph says: "The iBOL project is growing rapidly and the DNA barcoding facilities are being established all around the globe. Lead DNA Scientist Natalia Ivanova, Ph.D. The favorite software used to analyze data in the iBOL (International Barcode of Life) project. Ashfaq about being able to use CodonCode Aligner for his research analysis. DNA analysis done at my lab will become compatible with that of BIO." says Dr. I saw people working at BIO with CodonCode Aligner and found this software very good. Having access to this software will facilitate my barcoding work and I will be able to analyze and upload the barcode data at the Barcode of Life Data base efficiently. "A significant number of sequence files are generated when barcoding a large number of insect species. Muhammad Ashfaq's lab in Pakistan and the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario (BIO) Canada where CodonCode Aligner is the favorite tool to edit, assemble, align and analyze barcoding sequence data. This is a collaborative project between Dr. At the National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering in Pakistan, CodonCode Aligner is used to barcode insect species from Pakistan.
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